22 Jun

ENAMELING

December 4, 2019
By kian

Enameling

In this topic we read about: how to make enamel, hisory of enameling, how to recognize a good enamel

Enameling is a painting and decorating of metals such as gold, silver and copper with special colors that are placed in extreme heat. history of enameling back to around 1500 BC. In this article, we’ll learn how to make enamel and how to detect good enamel.

According to studies, enameling was initially formed in Iran and then moved to different parts of the world. The enamel is transparent and comes from the combination of metal oxides and several salt types. The enamel should be placed in the vicinity of the high temperature(750 to 850 ° C) so that the colors can form in sufficient time and temperature . Today, enamels are made mostly on copper, but gold and silver are also good options for use in this art. Gold is the only metal that is not oxidized by the melting of enamel. Therefore finer designs can be made, and obviously its production cost is much higher.

In short, for a enamel, the metal object must first be shaped into a specific shape and size, and then the white glaze is placed on it. Glazing of the surface is done three to four times. Each time the object is heated to about 700 degrees in the furnace to confirm its glaze. Then it turns coloring , and then the object is placed again in the furnace at temperature about 400 to 500 degrees.

how to recognize a good enamel, enameling

Painting enamel

In the painting enamel, they create images on transparent glazes. First, the original object is created and then the original object is covered with white glaze. Glazing is repeated three to four times, and each time the object is placed in a furnace with 700 degrees of heat. It is given to the object to give the glaze a stable color. The object turns white and then the painting operation begins. After painting the object again in an oven of about 400 to 500 degrees to stabilize the colors. In the past, herbal and mineral colors have been used, but today chemical paints are used. The transparency factor is tin oxide. In the past, handicraftman first supplied powdered silica and metal burgers. Then it was darkened with tin and heated to darken the object. Then draw images in different colors on the field.

:The most common methods of painting enamel are

1. The handicraftman combines very soft powder colors with water and a little glycerin. Then dissolves it using specially designed knives on a glass plate. Then create an image like a regular drawing of watercolor.

2. Instead of combining paint with water and glycerin, it is mixed with the extract of pine essence or lavender essence and painted on the objects in the manner of oil painting.

Maintenance of enamel

The enamel product has a lot of value and should be carefully maintained. The following simple tips can keep this memorable life in your home forever.

enamel covered with transparent glazes so you can wash it with warm water and sponge, But avoid pulling the dishwasher on it.

Do not cut sharp objects on the enamel surface.

High heat can damage the enamel and burn it, so be careful about this.

history of enameling, how to make enamel

Work tools

The following items are required in enameling

Sheets, honey, enamel, copy paper, hammer, anvil, clamp, sawing bow, metal scissors, brush, paint, furnaces, chemicals such as silica, Sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, lime and tin and lead.

Click here to learn more about khatamkari and firozekobi.

Types of enamel

:The enamel is divided into several types in the production method in enameling

Highlighting Enamel

In this kind of enamel, drawings and lines are carved on the object. Then they fill the gaps with colored glazes and place them in the furnace for heating:

Khane-bandi enamel

Khane-bandi enamel is an old method in which very thin wires are used. handicraftman form wires in beautiful shapes and glued on the base object and use a glass glaze to cover it. For the wires to be tied to the main object, he place it in a furnace with a temperature of about 1000 ° C. In the next step, special colors are used in powder form to cover the surface then place it in the furnace at about 1000 degrees for 3 minutes . When the wires are in the furnace, their color is black and must be returned to the original color by acid.

how to recognize a good enamel

The common type of enamel is usually made on copper. You need to know that fine copper also has more weight. so the easiest way is to get the product in your hands and weigh it. If the product does not fit its size properly, then the copper has a lower quality and a high probability of deterioration.

Next, discard the product surface. If it was perfectly smooth, you would have bought a good product.

If the surface was rough, it means that the glaze has lost its quality due to the excessive temperature of the furnace or the length of time it remains in the furnace. Of course, the use of imperceptible colors can also cause surface roughness. When shopping, take care to leave, lips, shells, bubbles, holes and more.

The smooth and uniformity of the underlying product is also an important point in detecting high quality enamel.

Design elegance and high color variation increase the value of the product. Use of a specific color such as red or purple will also increase the price of the product.

HOW TO MAKE ENAMEL

A. Building a sheet or infrastructure

In order to supply the enamel product infrastructure, craftsman use the following methods

:Bending method

Handicraftman put Plates various mold such as plate, pot, or any other object between the clips. Place the metal plate inside the mold and press it with a rod that is completely rounded so that the sheet is shaped like a mold.

:Hammering method

This method is done without using the mold and the craftsman uses the various types of hammer and other tools

to create the required objects. After each hammering, the object is placed in the fire, and the process continues so

that the object looks like it is.

Clean up the infrastructure level

In the second step, the surface of the metal is completely cleaned to allow glaze to adhere to it. This is very important in enameling even the handicraftsman fingerprint should not remain on the infrastructure as its fat prevents direct glazing from the object and creates cracks in the surface of the glaze.

:To clean the infrastructure surface, use one of the following three methods

:Salt and Vinegar

Fill a glass tank of vinegar and salt and immerse the object in it, or pour it on the vinegar, then pour it with salt and use the wire brush to remove the stains.

:Sulfuric acid

The object is immersed in a warm, dilute sulfuric acid solution to remove stains. If the amount of stains is high, handicraftman use concentrated sulfuric acid and then strike the surface with a wire brush. Finally, you should wash the object with water to remove acid.

:Soap, metal fibers,sandpaper , salt water

In this method, soap and wire brush are used to remove stains, and soap and salt water are also used.

In the end, the object is cleaned with water and dried using sawdust. And before the glazing, using compressor air pressure, dust is removed from the surface of the object.

Glaze preparation

Glaze powder is insoluble and has a high density, so it can not be used alone. they use behdane to make the particles of the glaze hang in water. To do this, they first boil the behdane and get their glaze. Then they mix the concentrate with a ratio of 1 to 10 with glaze powder.

B: GLAZING

:This step is done in two ways

Spray method

They take the infrastructure into a small room called a spray room and spray the glaze with poured on to it.

Handy method or flood

By pouring glazes on the infrastructure, they cover the surface.

Glazing heat

After drying the glaze and cleaning it, the glaze is heated. To do this, the furnace is heated to 900 degrees. Heat, glaze lasts 2 to 3 minutes. After the glaze and the object are red enough, they remove the object from the furnace to cool down. In this case, the glaze can be seen in yellow, but with cooling, its color is white.

C: Design on the glaze

At this stage of enameling, the plot is dragged onto paper. Then handicraftman create holes on the lines of the project and with a short distance, then create with the ash or soot the designs on the glazed section.

Painting

At this stage of enameling, handicraftman draw with pen on the main lines and then paint the different parts. Some prefer to do the painting first and then draw with a pen on the lines.

handicraftman to prepare the paint should mix 1 to 2 gum arabic solution in water with glycerin. Then pour the powder on the glass and put a few drops of the mixture above on it to use it like watercolors. A mixture of arabic gum solution and glycerin, as a color solvent.

If the remaining color is dried, a few drops of gum arabic and glycerin are added to it to paint again.

Interestingly, in enamel colors, there is no white color, and if the handicraftman has to use it, it should use the white enamel of the field. After drawing with pen, the handicraftman threw a sharp tip from the background to reveal a white glaze.

Heating painting

After finishing the painting on the glaze, the object is placed again in the furnace with a temperature of 600 to 700 ° C. Because in the painting step, glycerin or similar oils are used to prepare the paint, the handicraftsman keeps the object on the oven until the oil was removed, otherwise the void may appear on the product.

If the gold is used for coloring, the furnace’s heating should reach a maximum of 450 degrees Celsius, as it will be damaged at higher temperatures. The heating of the furnace during the heating stage must be carefully adjusted and, if the temperature or time is too high,the color moves on the surface. If the temperature and time are less than the required amount, after finishing the paint is removed from the glaze or becomes opaque.

Ultimate Glazing

After heating the object is painted, the object is covered with transparent glaze and once again heated. at the end in enameling If the edges of the object do not glaze, the craftsman will cover them with a strip of brass or silver.

16 Jun

WEBLOG

FIROZEKOBI

December 10, 2019
By kian

FIROZEKOBI

In this post you will find the following: history of firozekobi, how to recognize a good firozekob, how to make firozekob.

History of firozekobi

Firizekobi is one of the most beautiful Iranian crafts. history of firozekobi back to 70 years old and at that time, a person called Youssef Hakiman in Mashhad, used Firoozhe Kobi for jewelry such as bracelets, earrings .

16 Jun

WEBLOG

KHATAMKARI

December 4, 2019
By kian
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KHATAMKARI

The khatamkari is one of the beautiful and old Iranian handicrafts. In this article, we will introduce you with: history of khatam, how to make khatam, how to recognize a good khatam,

The khatamkari is to make the surface of objects look like a mosaic, with small triangles. Khatam’s various designs have always been in regular geometric shapes. They plot these geometric shapes by placing small triangles together. Triangles are made of wood, metal and bone. A product is more time-consuming, with its triangles smaller. In a Khatam design, at least three triangles are created to make the smallest geometric unit. The largest one has four hundred triangles.

History of khatamkari

khatamkari come to Iran in the present form before the Safavi period, at the time of the Mongol. Some other scholars also believe that Khatam was invented at the time of the Deylamians in Iran and in Shiraz. At the time of Safavi, it reached a peak, because the government supported the artists. on the other hand, the establishment of commercial relations with distant and close countries contributed to the development of Khatam’s art. In Iran, before the advent of Islam, a kind of khatam was prevalent. it’s manner of working was to cut from a single color of cubes to the sides of four millimeters and to install different designs on a plate. this method until several centuries after Islam has been commonplace. At present, there is a pulpit by this method in the Mosque of Aghig in Shiraz, which is more than a thousand years old.

The outstanding khatamkari in different periods:

1.Khatam’s kist of Narjes Khatun, the dear mother of Hojatollah (AS) in Samarra.

Entrance door of Ancient Iran Museum in Tehran.
Entrance door of the holy shrine of Abdulazim (AS) in Shahrery.
The kist of the Prophet Moses ibn Ja’far (AS) and Imam Jawad (AS) in Samarra in Iraq.
…

Click here to learn more about handmade carpet and enameling.

How to make khatam:

khatamkari has two stages

1.Creation of Khatam: includes

design of the Khatam.

preparation of materials.

cutting of raw materials.

creation of the shape.

construction of a rectangular cubic shape with approximate dimensions (length of 40 cm and a width of 10 cm and a diameter of 3 cm of wood or khatam) and then Cut it and make a layer of khatam.

2.Use of the khatam: Includes design, underlayment, pasting the layers on the sub-plot, and then polishing the objects.

How to make khatam

In khatamkari handicraftman cut a piece of wood, bone or metal into triangular prisms and put them together in such a way that the transverse sections of these triangles have regular geometric shapes.

Then, with adhesive, it tightens the thin sections with a special order on the wooden thin sheet, and after drying the sheets, it will be installed on objects to decorate.

Wood is one of the most important materials for the making of khatam, including: jujube, orange, maple,walnut,tabrizi, shamshad, ebony,… .

Different types of bones are also used in the construction of Khatam due to their strength and white color, which include camel, horse, cattle and ivory in Khatam.

At the time of construction, Colored metals is used to rehabilitate and care of khatam. Silver and aluminum are used for white and brass for yellow.

Care should be taken to provide the wood that has the crack. Metals should also have a good alloy.

Green color : This color is made up of a mixture of ammonium chloride, copper and vinegar. Shredded bones are placed in a colored solution container and exposed to sunlight for six months. Nowadays, since it’s difficult to provide a camel bone, use orange wood instead of a camel’s bone, then make it green.

Khatam Lubrication:

The wood is oiled for two reasons: glossing and protecting it against moisture, heat and cold. In the past, polished oil was used for this. Today they use polyester.

Khatamkari stages:

In khatamkari first, handicraftman make different types of wood and bones in different colors and with their special tools, with a diameter of 30 cm and a diameter of 1 to 2.5 mm.

Several triangles are made of them, after polishing all the sides of the triangles, they are aligned with the plan. And to complete the plan, we need wire in the form of triangles.

Then, in order to make the khatam, the first step is to draw the design of the shapes desired by the handicraftman. then these wooden, bone and metal triangles are glued together with adhesive . Then them tightened by the thread , which is called “parre”.

After a few hours, the thread is opened and the slab is cut and the four blades are put together and re-bonded with glue, which is the result of the “Tugloo”. The next stage, which is known as the “Screw Flower”, is a circular wire, which is prepared as regular hexagonal and called “shames”.

On each side, six wires are glued with adhesive and tight with a stitch and the result is a stellar design, the designs are so repeatable that they come up according to the design and then pressed down and pressed. with a few steps of cutting and sticking very thin layers of wood around it, the original design of a khatam is created.

How to recognize a good khatam :

To detect a good khatam, we must pay attention to the following:

The product surface is smooth and the surface of the object is not empty of khatam.

The uniformity of the colors and materials used in making the khatam.

No change in color and shape.

Repairs and putties are not specified at the product surface.

All shapes at the surface should be symmetrical.

14 Jun

WEBLOG

HANDMADE RUG

December 4, 2019
By kian
0 comments

handmade rug

In this article, we will try to introduce you with topics about handmade carpets. for example: history of carpet, how to wash rug, identify handmade rug, features of a good handmade carpet.

Handmade carpet As it is called, the carpet is woven by hand. It takes a few months or even several years to wrap it up.

The handmade rug is a pile rug that is tied to the warps. Persian handcrafted rug are really a capital.The rug is one of the few arts that has survived from ancient times, and has a lot of buyers .

Abusive individuals misuse lake of knowledge of their customers and sell non-original carpets instead original handmade carpets.

Guide to the selection and purchase handmade carpets

Before buying a handmade carpet, getting to know a variety of carpets and how to identify a good quality carpet from a poor carpet is very important. In the following, after introducing a variety of carpets, I will introduce methods for determining the quality of these carpets. Carpet experts believe that the value of the art of a carpet depends on the images and the use of natural colors and the harmony of these colors in one another. The price of the carpet depends on the images, colors, warp, weft, pile, size of carpet, and its elegance.

Division of handmade carpets based on ingredients:

The types of handmade carpets are divided into several categories based on their fibers:

All wool carpets

A carpet with all its components (warp,weft,pile) made of wool.The Khersak carpet, which is woven from the thickest wool, is of this category. All wool carpets have advantages like durability, high moisture absorption, and so on. This type of carpet is heavy and cheaper in terms of price.

Wool warp carpet

A kind of carpet that its warp of wool, but its pile is of wool and silk.

All silk rugs

A carpet with all its components (warp,weft,pile) made of silk. This type of carpet is usually very tiny and has a high artistic value and, of course, a great deal. Unlike its soft, thin, elegant appearance, it is very resistant to stains. if you pour water, tea, or any other liquid, wash it with a wipes and a little carpet shampoo. all It will be the first.

Silk Bockground Carpet

The carpet is made of wool, but the entire background is woven from silk.

Silk image carpet

This is a carpet made of wool, but the images are made of silk and the rest of the pile is woolen. These types of carpet may be less expensive than all silk carpet, but they have a lot of artistic value.

Click here to learn more about firozekobi and enameling.

handmade rug, history of carpet, how to wash rug, how to recognize a good handmade carpet

Features of a good handmade carpet

One of the features of handmade carpet is that it is cold in the summer and hot in winter. but the machine carpet does not have this due to its plastic material.
The feature of a handmade carpet is that it is made from natural fibers in its texture. Certainly, because the handmade carpet material is taken from nature it will help your health. It should be said that some synthetic fibers are dangerous for asthma, allergies and harm to children. But natural fibers in the handmade carpet do not cause any sensitivity.
Various designs and colors of handmade carpet will provide you with mental and emotional relaxation and enjoyment in life. You can choose from your favorite carpets from thousands of colors and colors used in Iranian carpets and enjoy it.

Because handmade carpets are, made of wool, cotton and silk, static electricity is not created in handmade carpets.

Another handmade carpet is durability. Handmade carpets can be used for many years.

How to recognize a good handmade carpet

In general, a handmade carpet, both from afar and from near, has a good appearance and is brilliant.
Check design and size of carpet. The size of the carpet should be taken into consideration. From a few centimeters, the difference in the dimensions of the carpet in the upper and lower parts, which is essentially a handmade carpet, can be ignored, but more than this, especially in small rugs, is the fault of the carpet. By folding the carpet from the middle and back of the two parts, it is possible to determine the symmetry of the design relative to the axes passing through the center of the carpet. The symmetry can be tested by the meter and the distance between two points is measured. Similarly, we measure the two points elsewhere in the carpet if they were equal, The carpet is symmetric.
The symmetry of color is another feature of a handmade carpet that should be considered. When buying a handmade carpet, pay attention to the symmetry of the color in symmetrical parts, in natural light. Be careful not to have unfinished images in the carpet.

Another feature of a handmade carpet is that the pile of handmade carpet should be brilliant and flexible. If the end of the pile is different from the surface, it is an indication that they are painted with colored ink.

Another issue is the color of the carpet is handmade. Apply a damp cloth on the surface of the carpet, if the cloth was colored, the color of the carpet is artificial.

Carpet look for decay and darning. Considering the back of the carpet, it’s best to recognize areas that have or might have been darning or decay.

carpet shoping guide

In choosing a carpet for different places, in addition to decoration and personal taste, the durability of the carpet in it and the colors and images of the carpet should be also considered. For example, low durability, elegant, silk, antique, not be placed in the living room, dining room and children’s rooms. Suitable places for such carpets are usually bedrooms, libraries,in general, low-traffic areas. The carpet of the dining room should be as large as the seat of the chair should be placed on the carpet. In other words, the dimensions of the carpet should be at least 60 to 70 centimeters larger than the size of the dining table on each side. In the reception rooms, the carpet should be chosen in such a way as to cover the front of the sofa and to put some of the carpet under the base of the sofas.

Instead of having a bedroom with a large carpet, Using a few small carpets with bright colors is wiser.

The image factor in choosing a carpet for the desired places is also very important. As a general principle, it can be said that in homes and places decorated with stainless steel, floral designs as well as carpets with geometric designs and in apartments and Buildings with their modern furniture are more beautifully decorated with geometric designs . medallion carpets and Overall flower carpets are better at reception rooms, living rooms and libraries.

Finally, I would recommend buying carpets from reputable stores and sites that have direct access to carpet weavers.

how to wash rug at home:

The heat of the summer season is an ideal occasion for women who want to wash their carpets at home.please Follow some tips.

Remove the carpet dust before washing. To do this, tap a piece of wood gently on the back of the carpet.
To wash your handmade carpet, the first thing you need to know is whether your carpet will stain or not? To do this, soak a piece of white cloth and drag it onto a small piece of carpet; if the white cloth become colored, It is best to take the rug to the carpet washing centers for washing.otherwise, you can easily make a carpet Wash at home.

3.place the handmade carpet on a sloping surface so that the excess water can easily be drain. The best detergent is hand washing powder, carpet shampoo, soap powder and dishwashing liquid.

The water temperature for this type of carpet should be completely lukewarm. Do not use too hot or cold water because it may damage the carpet color.
After washing, release the carpet for as long as it is on the ground.
Drying the carpet should be far from direct sunlight.carpet should be flat from behind . Better is to put somethings between the carpet and the ground so that the air flows under the carpet.
Never use heat devices to dry your handmade carpets.

Learn how to clean pictorial carpet

In general, pictprial carpets can not be washed. If for any reason you feel that your pictorial carpets are dirty, we suggest you to get rid of carpet cleaning centers that are also specializing in pictorial carpet washing.

But if you do not know such centers and you want to do it yourself:

First, remove the pictorial carpet from the frame.

2- Then sweep over the pictorial carpet with a vacuum cleaner to remove dust particles.

Solve a carpet shampoo in cold water. Then clean the surface of the pictorial carpet with a piece of sponge impregnated with the solution.
To dry the pictorial carpet, spread it on the floor, in a relatively warm environment, away from the sun, to evaporate it’s moisture.

tip :

Never spread the pictorial carpet on the rope.

For remove dust from pictorial carpet Use of vacuum cleaner brush .

HISTORY OF CARPET

The oldest Iranian handmade carpet was discovered in 1949 in the second stage of the exploration of the Russian archaeologist, Rudenko, in the Pazyrich region, called the Pazyrich carpet.

In a book published on the occasion of these discoveries in Russia in 1953, Rudenko articulated a detailed description of the carpet of artifacts and explicitly stated the work of Iran and the oldest Iranian carpet in the world. He wrote: “Without the fact that we can definitely say which carpet is one of the land of Mater-Parth (Old Khorasan) or Pars, the history of this carpet and the fabrics discovered in Pazirik was the fifth or early fourteenth century BC Is recognized. “

Then he adds: ” The history of this carpet is evident from the image of horse riders.

Given the fact that the rug has been laid on the back of the horses, as well as the fabric on the horse’s chest, it can be guessed that the carpet is related to the Assyrian period.

But on the Pasirich carpet, there are a number of different things, including how to tie the horses’ tail, which are also featured in the impressive designs of the Persepolis”.

But the peak of the classic Iranian carpet renovated in Iran is the time of the Safavid kings (1499-1722). especially during the reign of Shah Tahmasb I (1524-1587) and King Abbas the Great (AD 1587-1629). They are From this era.

About 3,000 carpets are stored in large collections of the world or in personal collections.

During this period, next to the kings’ palaces, carpet weaving workshops are being built. Various centers developed in Tabriz, Isfahan, Kashan, Mashhad, Kerman, Yazd, Herat and Northern provinces such as Shirvan, Garabagh , Gilan.

Knowing some old carpets

Pazirik Carpet

In 1328, a clogged carpet, which was originally used as a horse cover, was discovered in a place called Pazirik. Pazirik is located eighty kilometers from the Mongolian border in the Altai Mountains.

The carpet dating back to 2500 years ago.the size of the carpet is 183 x 210 cm and 3600 knots per square meter is in it. There are variety of colors such as red, green, blue, orange and greenish-blue, in the pazirik carpet.

Its peripheral images are very similar to the common forms of the Achaemenid period and the images of the Persepolis. In the central area of the image, quadrangle images of shapes on objects discovered in Lorestan are enclosed within a set of frames. The broad horns of deer, which are seen in the ancient bisotun artifacts, are on the edges of this carpet.

According to researchers, Pazirik carpets have been used in combination with Assyrian, Achaemenid and Scythian designs and believe that the origin of this carpet is Iran.

Baharestan carpet

The reason for naming this expensive carpet is,the image of a garden adorned with flowers and birds and water streams.

This beautiful carpet was taken by Romans at the time of the defeat of Khosrowprows from Heraclius. Some others have said that this carpet was captured by the Arabs during the defeat of Yazdgerd III, of Arabs

During the two hundred years that Iran was dominated by the Arabs, carpet weaving went down. This did not mean that the profession had stopped, but carpet weaving continued at a slower pace.

Ardabil Carpet (Sheikh Safi Carpet)

Ardabil carpet is one of the most beautiful rugs that was woven in Safavid.

The fabric of this carpet is made of silk and pile of wool and It was woven in the 946 AH.

The name of the weaver of this meaning is Kashani. One of Hafez’s poems is woven in the carpet.

The design of this carpet is very interesting. In the middle of it there is a golden Medallion. The background of the carpet is full of flowers which has given a spectacular view to this famous and historic carpet.

The image of a quarter of the Medallion is repeated in four corners of the carpet . Inside a large margin surrounded by three narrow border strips. the image of inscriptions and bullets are seen as one in between.

Sea Wave carpet

The famous Sea Wave carpet is kept at the Vienna Museum.this carpet is completely different from other Iranian carpets in terms of design and image. so that in the upper and lower parts of its large Medallion, there are some picture of ships. This carpet and other similar carpets, to which eight have been known, have been woven on the orders of Portuguese merchants who have been traveling in the southern ports of Iran, during this period. Perhaps this is why some carpet researchers have classified them in a group of Portuguese crapets. The history of the carpet was in 1079 AH.

This carpet size is 11.3 x 6.77 m with wool and 500 thousand knots per square meter. This carpet is probably woven by Kermani artists.

Chelsea carpet

Chelsea, one of the world’s most beautiful carpets, has been bought from a Kings Street merchant in Chelsea, London, and is now known for it’s name. This carpet is now kept in the collection of Victorian and Albert Museum of London carpets.

It’s warp and weft is made of silk and pile made of wool and measures 540 x 316 cm. Its knots are Persian and its number is 8387 knots per square meter. This carpet has two full Medallion with sideburns and a half-bergamot attached to the margin and patches to form a quarter of bergamot.

In the carpet, animals such as gazelle, deer, lions, leopards, as well as dragons, are seen among the trees.

On the large margin of the decor, they are interconnected and reciprocally drawn together in a red, lacquer, and dull-colored pattern, which in total give a delicate touch to the carpet.